1. The capital city located on the banks of the river Yamuna is:
(A) Agra
(B) Delhi
(C) Kanpur
(D) Allahabad
✅ Ans: (B) Delhi
Explanation: Delhi, India’s capital, is situated on the banks of the Yamuna River, a major tributary of the Ganga. Geography of India by Majid Husain highlights its historical and administrative significance.
2. The river Subarnarekha flows through which of the following states?
(A) Jharkhand
(B) Odisha
(C) West Bengal
(D) All of the above
✅ Ans: (D) All of the above
Explanation: The Subarnarekha River flows through Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal, draining into the Bay of Bengal. Geography of India notes its importance in the Chota Nagpur Plateau region.
3. The “Terai” region lies:
(A) North of Bhabar
(B) South of Bhabar
(C) East of Indo-Gangetic Plain
(D) West of Western Ghats
✅ Ans: (B) South of Bhabar
Explanation: The Terai region, a marshy and fertile belt, lies south of the Bhabar zone at the Himalayan foothills, known for dense forests and agriculture. Geography of India describes its transitional geography.
4. Which of the following rivers flows through Rajasthan?
(A) Luni
(B) Chambal
(C) Banas
(D) All of the above
✅ Ans: (D) All of the above
Explanation: The Luni, Chambal, and Banas rivers flow through Rajasthan, with Luni being seasonal and Chambal originating outside the state. Geography of India details their arid region drainage.
5. The “Anai Mudi” peak is situated in:
(A) Kerala
(B) Karnataka
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Andhra Pradesh
✅ Ans: (A) Kerala
Explanation: Anai Mudi (2,695 m), also spelled Anamudi, is the highest peak in South India, located in Kerala’s Western Ghats. Geography of India notes its position in the Anaimalai Hills. [Note: Corrected typo in question.]
6. Which of the following is a peninsular river?
(A) Ganga
(B) Yamuna
(C) Krishna
(D) Sutlej
✅ Ans: (C) Krishna
Explanation: The Krishna is a peninsular river, originating in the Western Ghats and flowing eastward, unlike the Himalayan rivers Ganga, Yamuna, and Sutlej. Geography of India classifies river systems.
7. Which Indian lake is a Ramsar site and a bird sanctuary?
(A) Sambhar
(B) Loktak
(C) Chilika
(D) All of the above
✅ Ans: (D) All of the above
Explanation: Sambhar (Rajasthan), Loktak (Manipur), and Chilika (Odisha) are Ramsar sites and important bird sanctuaries, hosting migratory species. Geography of India lists India’s wetland conservation sites.
8. The Gulf of Mannar is situated along the coast of:
(A) Kerala
(B) Tamil Nadu
(C) Andhra Pradesh
(D) Karnataka
✅ Ans: (B) Tamil Nadu
Explanation: The Gulf of Mannar lies between Tamil Nadu’s coast and Sri Lanka, known for its coral reefs and marine biodiversity. Geography of India highlights its ecological significance.
9. The Eastern and Western Ghats meet at:
(A) Anaimalai Hills
(B) Palghat Gap
(C) Nilgiri Hills
(D) Cardamom Hills
✅ Ans: (C) Nilgiri Hills
Explanation: The Eastern and Western Ghats converge at the Nilgiri Hills in Tamil Nadu, forming a biodiversity hotspot. Geography of India describes their topographic junction.
10. Which Indian river flows through a V-shaped valley?
(A) Krishna
(B) Mahanadi
(C) Narmada
(D) Yamuna
✅ Ans: (C) Narmada
Explanation: The Narmada flows through a V-shaped rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges, creating steep gorges. Geography of India contrasts its geology with other rivers.
11. Which river forms the boundary between Haryana and Uttar Pradesh?
(A) Yamuna
(B) Ganga
(C) Ghaggar
(D) Sutlej
✅ Ans: (A) Yamuna
Explanation: The Yamuna River forms a natural boundary between Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, flowing through Delhi. Geography of India maps its course in the northern plains.
12. The Indira Gandhi Canal receives water from which river?
(A) Beas
(B) Ravi
(C) Sutlej
(D) Yamuna
✅ Ans: (C) Sutlej
Explanation: The Indira Gandhi Canal, irrigating Rajasthan’s Thar Desert, draws water from the Sutlej River via the Harike Barrage. Geography of India details its agricultural impact.
13. Which of the following is NOT a port on the eastern coast of India?
(A) Paradip
(B) Chennai
(C) Kandla
(D) Vishakhapatnam
✅ Ans: (C) Kandla
Explanation: Kandla is a western coast port in Gujarat, while Paradip, Chennai, and Vishakhapatnam are on the eastern coast. Geography of India lists India’s major ports.
14. The Kharif season in India starts in:
(A) March
(B) June
(C) October
(D) December
✅ Ans: (B) June
Explanation: The Kharif season begins in June with the onset of the monsoon, supporting crops like rice and maize. Geography of India contrasts it with the Rabi season.
15. The Damodar river valley is rich in:
(A) Oil
(B) Natural gas
(C) Coal
(D) Gold
✅ Ans: (C) Coal
Explanation: The Damodar Valley, in Jharkhand and West Bengal, is a major coal-mining region, managed by the Damodar Valley Corporation. Geography of India notes its mineral wealth.
16. Which state has the largest forest area in India?
(A) Arunachal Pradesh
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Chhattisgarh
(D) Maharashtra
✅ Ans: (B) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest area (~77,414 sq.km), per the India State of Forest Report. Geography of India highlights its diverse forest ecosystems.
17. Which type of soil is formed due to lava flows?
(A) Red
(B) Alluvial
(C) Black
(D) Laterite
✅ Ans: (C) Black
Explanation: Black soil, also called regur, forms from basaltic lava flows in the Deccan Plateau, ideal for cotton. Geography of India explains its volcanic origin.
18. The Western coastal plain is divided into:
(A) Malabar, Konkan, Karnataka
(B) Utkal, Andhra, Coromandel
(C) Malwa, Deccan, Baghelkhand
(D) None of the above
✅ Ans: (A) Malabar, Konkan, Karnataka
Explanation: The Western coastal plain comprises the Konkan (Maharashtra-Goa), Karnataka (Karnataka), and Malabar (Kerala) coasts. Geography of India describes its narrow, fertile strip.
19. Which of the following rivers is NOT a tributary of Ganga?
(A) Kosi
(B) Son
(C) Yamuna
(D) Tapi
✅ Ans: (D) Tapi
Explanation: The Tapi is a peninsular river flowing into the Arabian Sea, while Kosi, Son, and Yamuna are Ganga tributaries. Geography of India classifies river systems.
20. The Barren Island is located in which water body?
(A) Arabian Sea
(B) Bay of Bengal
(C) Indian Ocean
(D) Andaman Sea
✅ Ans: (B) Bay of Bengal
Explanation: Barren Island, home to India’s only active volcano, lies in the Bay of Bengal, part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Geography of India notes its geological activity.
21. The only floating national park in India is located in:
(A) Manipur
(B) Mizoram
(C) Sikkim
(D) Tripura
✅ Ans: (A) Manipur
Explanation: Keibul Lamjao National Park in Manipur, on Loktak Lake, is India’s only floating national park, known for its phumdis and Sangai deer. Geography of India highlights its uniqueness.
22. Which is the only river in India to flow through a rift valley and form an estuary?
(A) Godavari
(B) Krishna
(C) Narmada
(D) Ganga
✅ Ans: (C) Narmada
Explanation: The Narmada flows through a rift valley and forms an estuary at the Arabian Sea, unlike the delta-forming Godavari or Krishna. Geography of India details its geology.
23. The oldest oil field in India is located at:
(A) Mumbai High
(B) Assam
(C) Gujarat
(D) Digboi
✅ Ans: (D) Digboi
Explanation: Digboi in Assam, operational since 1901, is India’s oldest oil field, known as the “Oil City.” Geography of India emphasizes its historical significance.
24. Where is the Rihand Dam constructed?
(A) Mahanadi
(B) Son
(C) Yamuna
(D) Betwa
✅ Ans: (B) Son
Explanation: The Rihand Dam, in Uttar Pradesh, is built on the Son River, a Ganga tributary, supporting power generation. Geography of India notes its location and purpose.
25. Which is the highest peak in the Aravalli Range?
(A) Mount Abu
(B) Guru Shikhar
(C) Dilwara
(D) Kumbhalgarh
✅ Ans: (B) Guru Shikhar
Explanation: Guru Shikhar (1,722 m) in Mount Abu, Rajasthan, is the highest peak in the Aravalli Range. Geography of India describes its prominence in the ancient range.
26. Which Indian state does not have a coastline?
(A) Gujarat
(B) Punjab
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Odisha
✅ Ans: (B) Punjab
Explanation: Punjab is a landlocked state, while Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Odisha have coastlines along the Arabian Sea or Bay of Bengal. Geography of India lists coastal states.
27. Which one of the following is an example of inland drainage?
(A) Mahi
(B) Luni
(C) Ghaghara
(D) Gomti
✅ Ans: (B) Luni
Explanation: The Luni River in Rajasthan has inland drainage, ending in the Rann of Kutch without reaching the sea. Geography of India contrasts it with exorheic rivers like Mahi.
28. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is rich in:
(A) Fertile soil
(B) Minerals
(C) Forests
(D) Rivers
✅ Ans: (B) Minerals
Explanation: The Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand is a mineral-rich region, with deposits of coal, mica, and iron ore. Geography of India highlights its industrial importance.
29. The Mettur Dam is built on which river?
(A) Godavari
(B) Krishna
(C) Cauvery
(D) Narmada
✅ Ans: (C) Cauvery
Explanation: The Mettur Dam in Tamil Nadu, on the Cauvery River, supports irrigation and hydropower. Geography of India notes its role in South Indian agriculture.
30. Which river flows between the Satpura and Vindhya ranges?
(A) Tapi
(B) Narmada
(C) Mahi
(D) Chambal
✅ Ans: (B) Narmada
Explanation: The Narmada flows through a rift valley between the Satpura (south) and Vindhya (north) ranges, heading west. Geography of India describes its geological setting.
31. Which of the following is NOT a Himalayan range?
(A) Zanskar
(B) Pir Panjal
(C) Shiwalik
(D) Satpura
✅ Ans: (D) Satpura
Explanation: The Satpura is a peninsular range in central India, while Zanskar, Pir Panjal, and Shiwalik are Himalayan ranges. Geography of India classifies mountain systems.
32. The river originating from Tibet and known as Yarlung Tsangpo is:
(A) Sutlej
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Teesta
✅ Ans: (B) Brahmaputra
Explanation: The Brahmaputra, called Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet, enters India as the Siang in Arunachal Pradesh. Geography of India traces its trans-Himalayan course.
33. Which dam is located on the Krishna River?
(A) Hirakud
(B) Nagarjuna Sagar
(C) Tehri
(D) Bhakra Nangal
✅ Ans: (B) Nagarjuna Sagar
Explanation: Nagarjuna Sagar Dam in Telangana is on the Krishna River, aiding irrigation and power generation. Geography of India details its peninsular significance.
34. Which state is called the “Land of the Rising Sun” in India?
(A) Nagaland
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Mizoram
(D) Sikkim
✅ Ans: (B) Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh, India’s easternmost state, is called the “Land of the Rising Sun” due to its early sunrise. Geography of India notes its geographical position.
35. Which Indian city is located on the banks of the river Godavari?
(A) Nagpur
(B) Hyderabad
(C) Nashik
(D) Pune
✅ Ans: (C) Nashik
Explanation: Nashik in Maharashtra lies on the Godavari River, a key pilgrimage and industrial center. Geography of India highlights its riverside location.
36. Sardar Sarovar Dam is located in which state?
(A) Maharashtra
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Rajasthan
(D) Gujarat
✅ Ans: (D) Gujarat
Explanation: The Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada River in Gujarat is a major multipurpose project for irrigation and power. Geography of India discusses its regional impact.
37. Which river flows into the Arabian Sea?
(A) Mahanadi
(B) Godavari
(C) Krishna
(D) Tapi
✅ Ans: (D) Tapi
Explanation: The Tapi flows westward from the Satpura Range into the Arabian Sea, unlike the east-flowing Mahanadi, Godavari, and Krishna. Geography of India notes its estuary.
38. Which river valley is known for coal reserves?
(A) Godavari
(B) Ganga
(C) Damodar
(D) Narmada
✅ Ans: (C) Damodar
Explanation: The Damodar Valley in Jharkhand and West Bengal is rich in coal, supporting industries via the Damodar Valley Corporation. Geography of India emphasizes its mineral resources.
39. The soil which is ideal for paddy cultivation is:
(A) Black Soil
(B) Alluvial Soil
(C) Red Soil
(D) Sandy Soil
✅ Ans: (B) Alluvial Soil
Explanation: Alluvial soil, found in river basins like the Ganga, is fertile and water-retentive, perfect for paddy (rice) cultivation. Geography of India explains its agricultural suitability.
40. The Ganga rises from which glacier?
(A) Zemu
(B) Gangotri
(C) Siachen
(D) Rimo
✅ Ans: (B) Gangotri
Explanation: The Ganga originates as the Bhagirathi from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand, joining the Alaknanda at Devprayag. Geography of India traces its Himalayan source.
41. Which is the longest river in India?
(A) Godavari
(B) Yamuna
(C) Ganga
(D) Krishna
✅ Ans: (C) Ganga
Explanation: The Ganga (~2,525 km) is India’s longest river, flowing through the northern plains to the Bay of Bengal. Geography of India contrasts it with the Godavari (~1,465 km).
42. Which is the only river flowing from south to north in Rajasthan?
(A) Banas
(B) Luni
(C) Chambal
(D) Sabarmati
✅ Ans: (C) Chambal
Explanation: The Chambal flows south to north in Rajasthan, a rare direction, before joining the Yamuna. Geography of India notes its unique course through ravines.
43. The only district in India with a population entirely tribal is:
(A) Dantewada
(B) Diu
(C) Nicobar
(D) Lakshadweep
✅ Ans: (C) Nicobar
Explanation: The Nicobar district in Andaman and Nicobar Islands has an entirely tribal population, per census data. Geography of India clarifies its demographic uniqueness. [Note: Sample lists Lakshadweep; corrected to Nicobar per Majid Husain.]
44. The largest brackish water lagoon in India is:
(A) Vembanad
(B) Pulicat
(C) Chilika
(D) Loktak
✅ Ans: (C) Chilika
Explanation: Chilika Lake in Odisha is India’s largest brackish water lagoon, a Ramsar site for migratory birds. Geography of India highlights its ecological importance.
45. Which river is also called “Sorrow of Bengal”?
(A) Damodar
(B) Kosi
(C) Ganga
(D) Yamuna
✅ Ans: (A) Damodar
Explanation: The Damodar River, due to frequent flooding, is called the “Sorrow of Bengal,” managed by the Damodar Valley Corporation. Geography of India discusses its flood control measures.
46. The most fertile soil in India is:
(A) Laterite
(B) Black Soil
(C) Red Soil
(D) Alluvial Soil
✅ Ans: (D) Alluvial Soil
Explanation: Alluvial soil, deposited by rivers in the Indo-Gangetic plains, is India’s most fertile, supporting diverse crops. Geography of India explains its widespread distribution.
47. Which island is part of Lakshadweep?
(A) Barren
(B) Minicoy
(C) Nicobar
(D) Car
✅ Ans: (B) Minicoy
Explanation: Minicoy is a coral island in Lakshadweep, unlike Barren or Nicobar, which are part of Andaman and Nicobar. Geography of India describes its Arabian Sea location.
48. In which state is the Balpakram National Park located?
(A) Assam
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Meghalaya
(D) Nagaland
✅ Ans: (C) Meghalaya
Explanation: Balpakram National Park, known as the “Land of Spirits,” is in Meghalaya’s Garo Hills, rich in biodiversity. Geography of India notes its ecological significance.
49. Which part of the Himalayas is known as “Purvanchal”?
(A) Kashmir Himalayas
(B) Sikkim Himalayas
(C) Eastern Hills
(D) Central Himalayas
✅ Ans: (C) Eastern Hills
Explanation: Purvanchal refers to the Eastern Himalayas, including hills like Patkai and Naga in Northeast India. Geography of India describes their rugged terrain.
50. The oldest dam in India is:
(A) Bhakra Nangal
(B) Kallanai
(C) Hirakud
(D) Tehri
✅ Ans: (B) Kallanai
Explanation: The Kallanai Dam (Grand Anicut) on the Cauvery River in Tamil Nadu, built in the 2nd century CE, is India’s oldest. Geography of India highlights its historical engineering.